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1、 Advantages

1. Water saving, fertilizer saving, and labor-saving drip irrigation belongs to full pipeline water delivery and local micro irrigation, which minimizes water leakage and loss. At the same time, due to the timely supply of water required by the crop root zone, there is no problem of peripheral water loss, which greatly improves the efficiency of water utilization. Irrigation can be conveniently combined with fertilization by dissolving chemical fertilizers and injecting them into the irrigation system. Due to the combination of chemical fertilizers and irrigation water, fertilizer nutrients are directly and evenly applied to the root layer of crops, truly achieving water and fertilizer synchronization, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of fertilizers. At the same time, due to small-scale local control and micro irrigation, water and fertilizer leakage is reduced, which can save fertilizer application and reduce pollution. The application of irrigation and fertilization technology provides convenience for timely supplementation of expensive trace elements for crops and can avoid waste. The drip irrigation system is only controlled manually or automatically through valves, combined with fertilization, which can significantly save labor input and reduce production costs.

2. Control temperature and humidity. Traditional trench irrigation greenhouses require a large amount of water at once, and the surface remains moist for a long time. This not only causes the greenhouse temperature and ground temperature to decrease too quickly and rise slowly, but also increases evaporation and indoor humidity, which can easily lead to vegetable or flower pests and diseases. As drip irrigation belongs to local micro irrigation, most of the soil surface remains dry, and the drip head evenly and slowly supplies water to the root soil layer, which has a significant effect on maintaining and recovering soil temperature, reducing water evaporation, and lowering indoor humidity. Adopting subsurface drip irrigation, that is, arranging drip irrigation pipes (belts) under the membrane, yields better results. In addition, drip irrigation is convenient to operate and can implement high-frequency irrigation. The outflow hole is small, the flow rate is slow, and the irrigation time is relatively long each time. The soil moisture change amplitude is small, so the soil in the root zone can be controlled to maintain a humidity close to the most suitable for the growth of vegetables, flowers, etc. for a long time. By controlling indoor air humidity and soil humidity, the occurrence of pests and diseases can be significantly reduced, which in turn can reduce the amount of pesticides used.

3. Maintain soil structure. Under the effect of traditional furrow irrigation with a large amount of water, the facility soil is subjected to more erosion, compaction, and erosion. If the soil is not timely tilled and loosened, it will lead to severe compaction, decreased aeration, and some degree of damage to the soil structure. Drip irrigation belongs to micro irrigation, where water slowly and evenly infiltrates into the soil, maintaining soil structure and creating a suitable environment for soil water, fertilizer, and heat.

4. Improving quality, increasing yield and efficiency. The application of drip irrigation reduces the amount of water and fertilizer, pesticide application, and the occurrence of pests and diseases, which can significantly improve the quality of products. In summary, compared to traditional irrigation methods, the use of drip irrigation in greenhouse or greenhouse facilities for horticulture can greatly increase product yield, advance market time, and reduce the cost of water, fertilizer, pesticide application, and labor input. Therefore, the economic and social benefits are significant. Facility horticulture drip irrigation technology meets the requirements of high yield, high efficiency, and high quality modern agriculture, which is also the fundamental reason for its existence and vigorous promotion and use.

2、 Disadvantages

1. The main problem in current drip irrigation applications is the clogging of irrigation emitters, which can cause the entire system to malfunction or even be scrapped in severe cases. The causes of blockage can be physical, biological, or chemical factors. Such as sediment, organic matter, microorganisms, and chemical sediment in water. Therefore, the water quality requirements for drip irrigation are relatively strict, generally requiring filtration and, if necessary, sedimentation and chemical treatment.

2. May cause salt accumulation. When drip irrigation is carried out on soil with high salt content or using saline water for drip irrigation, salt will accumulate at the edge of the moist area. If there is light rain, these salts may be washed into the root zone of crops and cause salt damage. In this case, drip irrigation should continue. Do not use drip irrigation or saline drip irrigation on high salt soil in areas without sufficient flushing conditions or in areas without sufficient rainfall in autumn.

3. It may limit the development of the root system. Drip irrigation only moistens a portion of the soil, and coupled with the fact that crop roots are oriented towards water, this can lead to the concentration of crop roots growing towards the moist area. In addition, in areas where there is no agriculture without irrigation, such as the arid northwest region of China, when applying drip irrigation, the irrigators should be arranged correctly.