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The integrated drip irrigation and fertilization technology for vegetables is a new agricultural technology that combines fertilization and irrigation on the basis of plastic film mulching cultivation. This method of irrigation and fertilization is achieved through a drip irrigation system, where fertilizers are mixed into a liquid and transported to the soil at the roots of crops for direct absorption and utilization by the roots. This method can accurately control the amount of irrigation, fertilization, and irrigation and fertilization time, significantly improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. The drip irrigation and fertilization technology for greenhouse vegetables covered with plastic film is now introduced as follows.

1、 Drip irrigation system

1. Water source: Underground water supply projects can be implemented in contiguous greenhouses, with valves installed in each greenhouse and water pumps controlled by microcomputers. A single greenhouse can be equipped with a water reservoir, usually built on the side wall of the greenhouse, with a capacity of not less than 3 cubic meters.

2. Head: Install water pump, filter, pressure regulating valve, flow regulator, and fertilizer tank.

3. Water pipeline: The installation level of drip irrigation pipelines is determined based on the water source pressure and drip irrigation area. Generally, three-stage pipelines are used, namely main pipes, branch pipes, and capillary pipes. Thin walled PE pipes can be used for pipelines.

4. Bypass: It has pressure regulation function, easy connection, and can adjust the position and spacing of drip irrigation pipes freely.

5. Drip irrigation pipe: The drip head is detachable, making it easy to clean in case of blockage; The flow rate of the dripper is small, which can form a good moist body.

2、 Drip irrigation form

1. Drip irrigation under the film: Drip irrigation pipes (strips) are laid on the ground surface and covered under the film.

2.Underground drip irrigation: Drip irrigation pipes are buried 30-35 centimeters underground, and water slowly drips out and infiltrates into the soil through the drip heads of the buried capillary tubes, and then infiltrates the roots of crops through capillary action. This technology causes minimal disturbance to the soil, which is beneficial for crops to maintain a loose and transparent root layer environment, making the surface soil dry and reducing weed growth.

3、 Technical measures

1. Drip irrigation technology: Develop irrigation plans based on crop water physiology and soil conditions, including irrigation quotas, irrigation time, irrigation cycle, irrigation frequency, etc.

2. Fertilization technology: Determine the fertilization system based on crop nutrition physiology and soil conditions, such as fertilization time, quantity, proportion, frequency, and total amount.

3. Water fertilizer coupling: Determine the target yield based on crop growth conditions and previous season yield; Formulate fertilization formula based on theoretical data of crop nutrition: adjust the formula according to soil conditions; Calculate the amount of fertilizer application based on the ratio of fertilizer absorption to application under drip irrigation conditions; Selecting fertilizers; Allocate fertilizer amount according to the irrigation system.

4. Technology integration: Supporting the use of agricultural water retention technologies such as protective film covering and water retention agent application, as well as the application of biological fertilizers and organic fertilizers to enhance soil fertility.

4、 Usage method

1. Ridge cultivation: Plant two rows of crops on each ridge.

2. Laying drip irrigation pipes: Lay drip irrigation pipes (belts) in the middle of high ridges, buried underground or covered with film.

3. Fertilization: When fertilizing, dissolve soluble fertilizers such as urea in the fertilizer tank and apply them to the roots of crops along with water. After fertilization, use water droplets without fertilizer to irrigate for 30 minutes.

4. Drip irrigation: During irrigation, open the main pipe plug, rinse for 3 minutes, and then install the plug.

5. Cleaning: After irrigating for a period of time, the filter should be opened for cleaning.